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Fire Sci. Eng. > Volume 28(1); 2014 > Article
Fire Science and Engineering 2014;28(1):37-43.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7731/KIFSE.2014.28.1.037    Published online February 28, 2014.
화재모델링을 위한 정온식 열감지기의 장치물성 측정
박희원, 조재호, 문선여, 박충화, 황철홍, 김성찬, 남동군
1대전대학교 소방방재학과
2대전대학교 소방방재학과
3대전대학교 소방방재학과
4대전대학교 소방방재학과
5대전대학교 소방방재학과
6경일대학교 소방방재학과
7한국소방산업기술원
Measurement of the Device Properties of Fixed Temperature Heat Detectors for the Fire Modeling
Park Hee-Won, Cho Jae-Ho, Mun Sun-Yeo, Park Chung-Hwa, Hwang Cheol-Hong, Kim Sung-Chan, Nam Dong-Gun
1Dept. of Fire & Disaster Prevention, Daejeon University
2Dept. of Fire & Disaster Prevention, Daejeon University
3Dept. of Fire & Disaster Prevention, Daejeon University
4Dept. of Fire & Disaster Prevention, Daejeon University
5Dept. of Fire & Disaster Prevention, Daejeon University
6Dept. of Fire Safety, Kyungil University
7Korea Institute of Fire Industry & Technology
요약
성능위주 소방설계(PBD)의 과정에서 화재 및 피난모델링의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해서는 화재감지기 모델의 높은 예측성능이 필수적으로 요구된다. 본 연구의 목적은 대표적인 화재모델인 FDS에 적용되고 있는 정온식 열감지기의 정확한 작동 개시시간을 예측하기 위한 입력정보를 측정하는 것이다. 이를 위해 화재감지기의 장치특성을 측정할 수 있는 Fire Detector Evaluator (FED)가 사용되었으며, 국내에서 적용되는 2개의 써미스터 방식(Thermistor types)과 1개의 바이메탈 방식(Bimetal type)의 스포트형 정온식 열감지기가 연구대상으로 고려되었다. 화재모델링을 위해 요구되는 감지기의 작동 개시온도 및 반응시간지수(Response Time Index)가 측정되었으며, 이때 RTI는 감지기의 설치위치를 고려하여 천장제트기류(Ceiling jet flow)와 수직제트기류(Vertical jet flow)에 대하여 측정되었다. 측정된 장치물성을 이용한 화재모델링 결과는 실규모 구획화재실험 결과와 비교 검증되었다. 그 결과 수치적으로 예측된 감지기의 작동 개시시간은 실험결과를 적절히 잘 예측함을 확인하였다.
Abstract
The high predictive performance of fire detector models is essentially needed to assure the reliability of fire and evacuation modeling in the process of Performance-Based fire safety Design (PBD). The main objective of the present study is to measure input information in order to predictive the accurate activation time of fixed temperature heat detectors adopted in Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) as a representative fire model. To end this, Fire Detector Evaluator (FDE) which could be measured the device properties of detector was used, and the spot-type fixed temperature heat detectors of two thermistor types and one bimetal type were considered as research objectors. Activation temperature and Response Time Index (RTI) of detectors required for the fire modeling were measured, and then the RTI was measured for ceiling jet flow and vertical jet flow in consideration of the install location of detectors. The results of fire modeling using measured device properties were compared and validated with the experimental results of full-scale compartment fires. It was confirmed that, in result, the numerically predicted activation time of detector showed reasonable agreement with the measured activation time.
Key Words: Fixed temperature heat detector, Fire modeling, Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS)


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