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Fire Sci. Eng. > Volume 31(1); 2017 > Article
Fire Science and Engineering 2017;31(1):50-57.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7731/KIFSE.2017.31.1.050    Published online February 28, 2017.
분진 및 풍속에 따른 광전식연기감지기 챔버의 응답특성에 관한 연구
이춘하, 이호성, 김시국
1호서대학교 소방방재학과
2호서대학교 소방방재학과
3호서대학교 소방방재학과
A Study on Response Characteristics of Photoelectric Type Smoke Detector Chamber Due to Dust and Wind Velocity
Lee Chun-Ha, Lee Ho-Sung, Kim Si-Kuk
1Dept. of Fire and Disaster Protection Engineering, Hoseo University
2Dept. of Fire and Disaster Protection Engineering, Hoseo University
3Dept. of Fire and Disaster Protection Engineering, Hoseo University
요약
본 논문은 분진 및 풍속에 따른 연기감지기 챔버의 응답특성에 관한 연구이다. 연기감지기가 실내에 적용됨으로 인해 화재의 조기감지 측면에서는 나아졌으나, 실내에서 발생되는 다양한 생활먼지 및 환경적인 요건 등에 의해 발생될 수 있는 부작동 및 오작동에 대한 연구는 미비한 편이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다양한 분진 및 풍속에 따른 연기감지기의 실내적응성을 연구하기 위해 연기챔버의 형태 및 구조가 다른 4종류의 광전식연기감지기를 실험대상으로 하고, 플라이애시, 활석가루 그리고 섬유분진(흑채가루)을 실험시료로 하여 분진시험을 진행하였다. 또한 연기챔버 내의 오염도에 따른 응답특성을 관찰하기 위해 추가적으로 분진시험 풍속을 0.25 m/s, 0.5 m/s, 1.0 m/s로 설정하여 인가하였다. 실험결과 플라이애시 및 활석가루, 섬유분진의 경우 분진시험 기준풍속조건인 0.25 m/s에서는 분진인가 후 작동시험 및 부작동시험에서 모두 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 가혹풍속조건인 0.5 m/s 및 1.0 m/s에서는 플라이애시 및 활석가루의 경우 부작동시험에서 비화재보인 오작동이 나타났고, 섬유분진의 경우 작동시험에서 정상적으로 작동되지 않아 부작동이 발생하는 것으로 확인되었다.
Abstract
The present article discusses the response characteristics of smoke detector chamber due to dust and wind velocity. Although situations have improved in terms of early sensing of fires as the smoke detectors are applied indoors, studies tend to place insufficient focus on the side effects and malfunction that can be caused by diversified life dust produced indoors and environmental requirements, etc. Therefore, in the present study, 4 types of photoelectric smoke detectors with different forms and structures of smoke chamber were selected as the experimental objects, and dust test was conducted with fly ash, talcum powder and fiber dust as experiment samples to study indoor applicability of the smoke detectors in terms of their response to diversified dust and wind velocity. Also, to observe response characteristics due to pollution level inside the smoke chamber, wind velocity for dust test were set additionally at 0.25 m/s, 0.5 m/s, and 1.0 m/s. Based to the experimental results, fly ash, talcum powder, and fiber dust (black hair powder) were found to be suitable at the dust test reference wind velocity conditions of 0.25 m/s for both operation test and non-operation test after dust application. On the other hand, under the harsh wind velocity conditions of 0.5 m/s and 1.0 m/s, malfunction of unwanted alarm was observed in non-operation tests in the case of fly ash and talcum powder, and non-operation was confirmed to occur in the case of fiber dust as the alarm failed to operate normally in operation tests.
Key Words: Life dust, Malfunction, Non-operation, Smoke chamber, Smoke detector


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