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Fire Sci. Eng. > Volume 31(5); 2017 > Article
Fire Science and Engineering 2017;31(5):19-27.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7731/KIFSE.2017.31.5.019    Published online October 31, 2017.
밀폐된 구획실의 체적변화가 최대 열발생률에 미치는 영향에 관한 수치해석 연구
윤홍석, 남동군, 황철홍
1대전대학교 대학원 방재학과
2한국소방산업기술원 소방기술연구소
3대전대학교 소방방재학과
A Numerical Study on the Effect of Volume Change in a Closed Compartment on Maximum Heat Release Rate
Yun Hong-Seok, Nam Dong-Gun, Hwang Cheol-Hong
1Department of Disaster Prevention, Graduate School, Daejeon University
2R&D Laboratory, Korea Fire Institute
3Department of Fire and Disaster Prevention, Daejeon University
요약
밀폐된 구획실 화재에서 화원의 면적 및 위치, 화재성장률, 구획 체적의 변화가 열발생률을 포함한 주요 화재특성에 미치는 영향이 검토되었다. 이를 위해 닫힌 개구부가 적용된 ISO 9705 화재실을 대상으로 Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS)를 활용한 화재시뮬레이션이 수행되었다. 주요 결론으로서, 화원의 면적 및 위치의 변화는 최대 열발생률, 총 열량, 상층부의 최대 온도 및 화학종 농도를 포함한 구획 내의 열적 특성과 화학적 특성에 큰 영향을 주지 않음을 확인하였다. 그러나 화재성장률과 구획 체적의 증가는 최대 열발생률 및 총 열량의 증가를 가져오며, 한계산소농도의 감소 및 최대 CO 농도의 증가를 발생시킨다. 마지막으로 화재성장률과 구획 체적의 함수로 표현된 최대 열발생률의 상관식을 도출하여, 밀폐된 구획실 화재에 대한 화재성장곡선의 적용을 위한 방법론이 제안되었다.
Abstract
The effects of changes in area and location of fire source, fire growth rate, and volume of compartment on the major fire characteristics, including heat release rate, in closed compartment fires were examined. To this end, a fire simulation using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was performed for ISO 9705 room with a closed opening. As main result, it was found that the changes in the area and location of fire source did not significantly affect the thermal and chemical characteristics inside the compartment, such as maximum heat release rate, total heat release, maximum temperature at upper layeras well as species concentrations. However, increasinthe fire growth rate and volume of compartment resulted in increase of the maximum heat release rate and total heat release, decrease in the limiting oxygen concentration and increase in the maximum CO concentration. Finally, a methodology for the application of fire growth curves to closed compartment fires was proposed by deriving the correlation of the maximum heat release rate expressed as a function of the fire growth rate and the volume ratio of compartment based on the ISO 9705 room.
Key Words: Performance-Based Design (PBD), Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), Compartment Volume, Fire Growth Curve, Maximum Heat Release Rate


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