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Fire Sci. Eng. > Volume 32(4); 2018 > Article
Fire Science and Engineering 2018;32(4):7-16.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7731/KIFSE.2018.32.4.007    Published online August 31, 2018.
CFAST를 이용한 구획실 가스화재의 디자인 화재곡선 평가
백빛나, 오창보, 황철홍
1부경대학교 안전공학과 대학원
2부경대학교 안전공학과
3부경대학교 안전공학과
Evaluation of Design Fire Curves for Gas Fires in a Compartment Using CFAST
Baek Bitna, Oh Chang Bo, Hwang Cheol-Hong
1Dept. of Safety Engineering, Pukyong National University
2Dept. of Safety Engineering, Pukyong National University
3Dept. of Safety Engineering, Pukyong National University
요약
본 연구에서는 CFAST를 이용하여 구획실 가스연료 화재실험에 대한 디자인 화재곡선(Design fire curves, DF)의 예측성능을 평가하였다. 평가된 디자인 화재곡선은 이전의 연구에서 제안된 2-stage DF, Ingason이 제안한 Quadratic DF와 Exponential DF이며, 예측성능 평가를 위해 각 디자인 화재곡선을 CFAST의 입력조건으로 하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 시뮬레이션결과와 실험결과의 비교를 통해 구획실 내부의 공간평균온도와 $O_2$, $CO_2$ 농도에 대해 전반적으로 2-stage DF > Quadratic DF > Exponential DF 순으로 실험결과를 합리적으로 예측하는 것을 확인하였다. CFAST 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해서도 실험에서 보이는 구획실 내 개구부측과 내측에서의 온도와 $O_2$$CO_2$ 농도 차이를 예측할 수 없음을 명확히 확인하였다. 또한 CFAST는 구획실 가스연료 화재의 CO 농도와 하층부의 공간평균온도에 대한 예측에 한계가 있음을 확인하였다.
Abstract
In this study, the prediction performance of design fire curves (DF) was evaluated for gas fires in a compartment by using CFAST. The CFAST simulations adopted the 2-stage DF suggested by the previous study and the Quadratic and Exponential DF suggested by Ingason. It was found by comparing the simulation and experimental results that the overall prediction performance of the design fire cures for the spatially-averaged temperature and concentrations of $O_2$ and $CO_2$ was, from the most reasonable to the most inaccurate, 2-stage DF > Quadratic DF > Exponential DF. The CFAST simulation could not predict for the difference in the spatially-averaged temperature and concentrations of $O_2$ and $CO_2$ at door and inner side locations in a compartment. The CFAST simulations also showed a limitation in the prediction of the spatially-averaged temperature at lower layer and the concentration of CO.
Key Words: Design fire curve, Consolidated model of fire growth and smoke transport (CFAST), Compartment fire, Gas fuel fire


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