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Journal of Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering 2008;22(3):181-187.
Published online September 30, 2008.
수직벽화재의 수치 시뮬레이션 I. 수직벽 난류자연대류
박외철, 아노드 트루베
1부경대학교 공과대학 안전공학부
2Dept. of Fire Protection Engineering, University of Maryland
Numerical Simulation of Vertical Wall Fires I. Turbulent Natural Convection Along Vertical Wall
Park Woe-Chul, Trouve Arnaud
1Pukyong National University, College of Engineering, Department of Safety Engineering
2Dept. of Fire Protection Engineering, University of Maryland
요약
수직벽 화재의 연구에 사용할 전산유체역학 시뮬레이터를 검증하기 위해 수직벽 자연대류의 수치 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 높이 4m의 등온 수직벽에 형성된 난류 경계층에서의 속도 및 온도 분포의 계산치를 측정치와 비교하였다. 시뮬레이터에 포함된 매개변수의 기본 값을 그대로 적용한 경우, 경계층 유동이 층류로 나타남에 따라 난류 자연대류를 예측하는데 실패하였다. 매개변수의 조사를 통해 격자크기 $Delta$x=5mm, ${Delta}y={Delta}z=10mm$와 대와동모사(large eddy simulation)의 스마고린스키 상수(Smagorinsky constant) $C_s$=0.1을 선정하였다. 난류혼합이 미흡하였지만, 벽면근처에서의 속도분포와 최대속도, 그리고 난류 경계층 내 온도분포가 실험과 잘 일치하였다.
Abstract
Numerical simulation of natural convection along a vertical wall was carried out to evaluate the computational fluid dynamics simulator, which is to be utilized for study of vertical wall fires. The computed velocity and temperature profiles were compared with measurements over the turbulent boundary layer formed along the wall of 4m high and constant temperature. It fumed out that the simulator with default parameters failed to predict the turbulent natural convection showing the boundary layer flow laminar. The grid size $Delta$x=5mm, ${Delta}y={Delta}z=10mm$ and Smagorinsky constant of the large eddy simulation $C_s$=0.1 were chosen through parametric investigations. Though turbulent mixing was not enough, the velocity distribution near wall, peak velocity, and temperature profile in the turbulent boundary layer agreed well with the measurements.
Key Words: Natural convection, Isothermal vertical wall, Turbulent boundary layer, Velocity profile, Temperature profile, Numerical simulation


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